The Humanistic School Of Thought
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| Carl Ransom Rogers |
Humanistic psychology, which emphasises human
free choice, non-public development, and self-actualization, is a reaction
towards psychoanalysis and behaviourism.
this faculty of idea is centred on helping
people in realising and satisfying their potential. It has a enormous impact on
fine psychology, which focuses on assisting people in main happier and greater
significant lives.
Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers are two
prominent humanist philosophers.
summary of a humanistic technique
Key elements
Authenticity Phenomenology
Self-Actualisation
Self-idea
the order of wishes
Case observe: methodology / research
Q-sort technique
casual Interview
open-ended survey questions
Qualitative evaluation
Preliminary Presumptions
Humans have unfastened will; not all of their
actions are predetermined.
All and sundry is extraordinary and driven to
attain their complete capacity.
handiest by staring at human beings, no longer
animals, can one without a doubt recognize human behaviour.
Psychology have to have a look at individual
cases (idiographic) as opposed to organization performance on average
(nomothetic).
Utility Fields
Individualized remedy
Motivation
Depression
Education
Cognitive Psychology faculty
In the past due Nineteen Fifties and early
Sixties, the cognitive approach started out to transform psychology, and
through the past due Nineteen Seventies, it had mounted itself as the field's preeminent
position. The paintings of Piaget and Tolman had gradually rekindled interest
in mental tactics.
A "soft behaviourist," Tolman. He
highlighted facts that behaviourism discovered challenging to give an
explanation for in his e book Purposive conduct in Animals and guy published in
1932. In keeping with the behaviourists' idea, connections between stimuli and
reactions brought about studying.
Tolman, however, argued that learning become
based totally on the connections that advanced between stimuli. these
connections had been described by using him as cognitive maps.
Precis of Cognitive approach
Key factors
Mediating techniques
Processing data
Computer comparison
Introspection (Wundt)
Nomothetic (research the organization)
Technique / research for Schemas
Case study (HM, KF)
Experiments in the lab Observations (Piaget)
Interviews for computer Modeling (Kohlberg, Piaget)
Preliminary Presumptions
A pure technology, cognitive psychology is
based on lab exams.
The manner the mind works, or the manner it approaches
information, may be used to provide an explanation for behaviour in full-size
part.
Just like a computer, the mind enters, stores,
and retrieves statistics.
Mediating actions take area among the stimulus
and the reaction.
Utility Fields for therapy (CBT) education
(Piaget) training (Vygotsky) training
(Bruner) Behavioral Neuroscience intellectual bias ethical development
(Kohlberg) ethical advancement (Piaget) Intelligence mastering techniques
(Kolb) memory Forgetting Depression notion attention Eyewitness.
Strengths
The cognitive technique has been utilized in a
huge form of theoretical and sensible contexts, making it the most usual method
in psychology these days.
Combines properly with other theories, for
example, behaviourism and cognitive psychology to create the social learning
theory and biology with cognitive psychology to create evolutionary psychology.
Boundaries
The narrow consciousness of cognitive
psychology is on thought tactics.
As an example, by means of using the pc analogy, researchers reading information processing concentrate greater on the logical additives of cognitive processing and much less at the emotional, innovative, and social elements that also affect thinking.comparing how the mind may want to function to
how computers perform has been a common approach in cognitive psychology. Does
the mind certainly characteristic on this way?
